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there's a whole fleet of look on the

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assay

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oh my gosh they're all going against the

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it was basically a cube with inside of

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sphere where the points of the cube

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[Music]

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[Applause]

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so this isn't anything that just is

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limited to the united states it's a

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billionaire john caldwell once said if

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i'm lucky i only get recruitment wrong

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seventy percent of the time but how is

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it we accept being wrong so much at a

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time with the cost of finding the right

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so high it's imperative that you choose

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the podcast sent you and one of their

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expert team will be in

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touch hi everyone and welcome back to

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that ufo podcast i'm delighted to say

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joining me on the podcast for another

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visit as head of the galileo project

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professor avi loeb well avi welcome back

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to the podcast thanks for having me

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delighted and listen there's so much to

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talk about we last spoke back in august

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2021 at the time you had secured the

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funding for the galileo project and we

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were discussing what those plans are

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going to be so much has happened since

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then uh i've recently just read your

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blog from march where you stated that

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the first telescope for the project

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would be built on the roof of the

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harvard college observatory

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what's the planned time scale for this

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and what can we expect from that

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telescope and piece of equipment once

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it's fully functional

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well we ordered the instruments and we

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are planning to start in the middle of

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may or so once all the all of them are

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arrived to start putting them together

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because

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in difference from past reports about

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the unidentified objects in the

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atmosphere

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we want to be in full control over the

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instrumentation so it's no it will not

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be

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a camera in a jittery cockpit of a

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fighter jet and we we want to

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use the best equipment possible in the

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market right now

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uh and it it's different from military

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equipment of course because it doesn't

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need to

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survive in a battlefield

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and it could be of much higher fidelity

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um and

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so we ordered the instrumentation we

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want to put it together within a month

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on the roof of the harvard college

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observatory not because that site is

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particularly interesting in fact it's

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cloudy in cambridge massachusetts often

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but we just want to have it close to us

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so we can test

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the system and it will include

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detector that is made of

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eight

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cameras covering the entire sky in the

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infrared at all times so we are

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basically taking a video of the sky and

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the infrared offer offers the

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uh benefit that you can observe objects

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also at night even when the sun is out

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you don't need something to shine on the

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object if it's warm you can see it in

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the infrared and

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during the daytime of course you have

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the sun shining on objects and that

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makes it easier to detect so we have

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also a visible light camera that has a

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fisheye lens that looks at the entire

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sky again

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and in addition to those two there will

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be

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a radio

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sensor that looks for reflected radio

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waves

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there is

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a transmission from radio stations

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everywhere and uh

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this is a passive system that looks for

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the reflection of radio waves from any

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object in the sky and then in addition

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there will be an audio system recording

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sound

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so we will get the full movie of the sky

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both the video and the audio

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in different colors

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uh and

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then there will be a computer system

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that analyzes the data and looks for

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objects of interest and of course that's

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the heart of the

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identifying the nature of the objects we

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see and there are two categories that

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are not of great interest but they will

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probably describe most of the objects we

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see one of them is natural objects like

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a bird

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lightning in the atmosphere a meteor you

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know things that come naturally

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and

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the second category is

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objects made by humans uh a drone

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an airplane a satellite

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and both of these categories are not of

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great interest to us of course a drone

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manufactured by another country is of

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interest to the intelligence agencies

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and

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a bird is of interest to a zoologist but

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we we don't really i mean we would like

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to recognize all of these

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but what we want to see is whether there

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is anything else out there and

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if we don't find anything else so be it

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we cleared up the fog you know we

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identified

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whatever is out there it's a fishing

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expedition so we don't assume anything

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we we approach it agnostically and you

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know science is about reproducible

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results so if there is anything in the

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sky that is unusual we should be able to

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find it we don't need to wait for the

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government to declassify data that's the

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whole spirit

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once this system works and we hope that

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it will work by the end of the summer uh

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then we will make copies of it and

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distribute them in different locations

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and the number of copies depends on how

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much funding we have so currently we

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have two million dollars we could afford

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about five to ten

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copies uh what we really need is

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hundreds of copies so that we get very

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good statistics of all

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the

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for that we need a funding level of 100

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million dollars

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so my hope that is that once we

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demonstrate that we know what we are

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talking about we will get funding

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from uh

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wealthy individuals that are inspired by

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the goal of the project so

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we should see i mean on friday for

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example i'm

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participating in the concluding panel of

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bitcoin 2022 uh in miami florida and you

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know there would be a 15 000 people in

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the audience some of which

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are very wealthy and i hope they will be

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inspired um you never know

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i've got my ten dollars of bitcoin so if

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that ever increases exponentially then

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maybe i'll get investing as well

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listen avi just as we've had recalled

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the u.s space command confirmed to the

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nasa directorship that an interstellar

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meteor discovered by a student of yours

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and yourself amir siraj i think i'm

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saying the name correctly in 2019 is

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indeed of interstellar origin at the

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detection i believe happened in 2014

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which predates umura by more than three

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years so this object this meteor will

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now be recognized as the first

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interstellar object ever discovered can

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you tell us just a little bit about that

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and then i do have a question on the

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back of that as well as pertains to the

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equipment

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yeah so this

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discovery is very exciting for a number

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of reasons first of all

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um i was uh invited to an interview in

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march 2019 uh about

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a meteor that

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was uh recognized um around that time a

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few months earlier that was quite

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powerful and

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i read a little about it before the

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interview so that i'll be knowledgeable

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and then

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uh while reading background on meteors i

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realized well there is actually a

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catalog of meteors

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that the us government has data on and

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uh so then i approached my student and i

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said look why don't you check this

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catalog and see if any of the velocities

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reporter reported for these meteors

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measured by the us government

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indicate that any of these objects came

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from outside the solar system because if

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they move very fast relative to earth

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you know they might have originated from

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far away and so

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um he uh

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his name is amir siraj he's an

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undergraduate at harvard college and so

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he went to the catalogue and looked at

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the fastest object reported relative to

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earth and

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turned out that this object was on a

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head-on collision the earth moves in

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some direction and this object came

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exactly from the opposite direction

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so it's not

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it's not necessarily unbound to the sun

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it's probably bound to the sun it didn't

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come from outside the source so then he

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went to the second

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object in the list and he found that

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this object actually

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uh had a speed of 40 kilometers per

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second outside the solar system if you

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uh

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subtract off the the motion of the earth

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and then uh

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calculate its own motion

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relative to the sun and and and go back

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in time you you realize that he actually

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was very fast even outside the solar

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system so that was

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very exciting because it indicated that

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this object is

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interstellar so we wrote a

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scientific paper about it saying well

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this object was discovered uh on january

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8th 2014 at the five in the afternoon um

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and it's uh 3.75 years before um

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and it was found

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north of

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manus island off the coast of papua new

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guinea

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and

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we

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you know described the calculation and

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argued that it's the first interstellar

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object that

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was detected on earth and it was just

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missed even though it was in this

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wrote a paper saying this is an interest

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of interstellar origin so we submitted

285
00:11:05,190 --> 00:11:04,160
the paper in 2019 uh march 2018 after my

286
00:11:07,829 --> 00:11:05,200
interview and

287
00:11:09,350 --> 00:11:07,839
uh within a few days from that and uh

288
00:11:11,509 --> 00:11:09,360
submitted it to the astrophysical

289
00:11:12,870 --> 00:11:11,519
journal and then we got a referee report

290
00:11:14,310 --> 00:11:12,880
back saying

291
00:11:17,590 --> 00:11:14,320
you know in that catalogue of the

292
00:11:19,430 --> 00:11:17,600
government there are no error bars

293
00:11:21,910 --> 00:11:19,440
we don't trust the government

294
00:11:23,509 --> 00:11:21,920
it's most likely this object

295
00:11:24,790 --> 00:11:23,519
has large uncertainties in the

296
00:11:27,190 --> 00:11:24,800
measurement

297
00:11:29,030 --> 00:11:27,200
and i thought to myself

298
00:11:31,509 --> 00:11:29,040
that makes no sense because the us

299
00:11:33,910 --> 00:11:31,519
government is after ballistic missiles

300
00:11:36,949 --> 00:11:33,920
right and they need to know whether they

301
00:11:38,630 --> 00:11:36,959
land on boston or new york they need

302
00:11:40,389 --> 00:11:38,640
very high precision so if you are

303
00:11:42,069 --> 00:11:40,399
telling me that the euro budget should

304
00:11:44,069 --> 00:11:42,079
be huge

305
00:11:45,430 --> 00:11:44,079
at a level that would make this object

306
00:11:46,470 --> 00:11:45,440
bound to the sun that means the

307
00:11:48,230 --> 00:11:46,480
government doesn't know what they're

308
00:11:49,910 --> 00:11:48,240
doing they can't really predict what

309
00:11:50,870 --> 00:11:49,920
ballistic missiles

310
00:11:53,670 --> 00:11:50,880
uh

311
00:11:55,269 --> 00:11:53,680
are you know which target that they're

312
00:11:57,190 --> 00:11:55,279
moving towards and

313
00:11:59,750 --> 00:11:57,200
i i cannot believe that you know that

314
00:12:01,829 --> 00:11:59,760
doesn't make sense so so we actually at

315
00:12:03,269 --> 00:12:01,839
the time i was sharing the board on

316
00:12:05,910 --> 00:12:03,279
physics and astronomy of the national

317
00:12:07,829 --> 00:12:05,920
academies and one of the members there

318
00:12:10,150 --> 00:12:07,839
was from los alamos so

319
00:12:12,310 --> 00:12:10,160
uh behind the fence of national security

320
00:12:14,230 --> 00:12:12,320
so i approached him and said

321
00:12:16,790 --> 00:12:14,240
could you please give us assurance that

322
00:12:18,550 --> 00:12:16,800
the error budget is indeed small

323
00:12:21,350 --> 00:12:18,560
so that this object is definitely of

324
00:12:22,629 --> 00:12:21,360
interstellar origin and he went back and

325
00:12:25,910 --> 00:12:22,639
discussed it

326
00:12:28,230 --> 00:12:25,920
uh and then we got an email saying yes

327
00:12:29,990 --> 00:12:28,240
we can assure you that it's interesting

328
00:12:32,069 --> 00:12:30,000
so then we went back to the referee of

329
00:12:34,069 --> 00:12:32,079
the astrophysical journal and said look

330
00:12:36,310 --> 00:12:34,079
we got this assurance uh you should

331
00:12:39,670 --> 00:12:36,320
accept the paper for publication and the

332
00:12:41,269 --> 00:12:39,680
referee said no i don't believe

333
00:12:44,230 --> 00:12:41,279
the us government this is not a public

334
00:12:46,790 --> 00:12:44,240
announcement the paper is rejected

335
00:12:49,110 --> 00:12:46,800
and you can ask yourself why

336
00:12:53,030 --> 00:12:49,120
was this referee or referees there were

337
00:12:55,190 --> 00:12:53,040
several of them so hostile my answer is

338
00:12:57,750 --> 00:12:55,200
because they're quote unquote experts

339
00:13:00,310 --> 00:12:57,760
they worked in this field for decades

340
00:13:02,550 --> 00:13:00,320
they do not like the idea that someone

341
00:13:04,310 --> 00:13:02,560
else that is new to their field makes a

342
00:13:07,430 --> 00:13:04,320
discovery so they would try to find any

343
00:13:09,110 --> 00:13:07,440
reason to dispute that discovery even if

344
00:13:11,190 --> 00:13:09,120
it says the us government doesn't know

345
00:13:12,310 --> 00:13:11,200
what they're doing

346
00:13:14,710 --> 00:13:12,320
so

347
00:13:16,790 --> 00:13:14,720
the paper was rejected

348
00:13:17,670 --> 00:13:16,800
and you know just

349
00:13:20,949 --> 00:13:17,680
uh

350
00:13:22,870 --> 00:13:20,959
set on on our desk for three years now

351
00:13:26,790 --> 00:13:22,880
so in the meantime

352
00:13:28,629 --> 00:13:26,800
uh we of course informed people uh that

353
00:13:30,550 --> 00:13:28,639
assured us that this is interstellar and

354
00:13:33,430 --> 00:13:30,560
said look we need a more

355
00:13:35,990 --> 00:13:33,440
uh official announcement

356
00:13:38,069 --> 00:13:36,000
and gladly after three years you can see

357
00:13:40,230 --> 00:13:38,079
how long it takes to declassify error

358
00:13:42,870 --> 00:13:40,240
bars they didn't actually declassify the

359
00:13:44,150 --> 00:13:42,880
error bar they just made a public

360
00:13:46,310 --> 00:13:44,160
announcement

361
00:13:49,189 --> 00:13:46,320
from the department of defense the

362
00:13:51,189 --> 00:13:49,199
united states space command

363
00:13:52,710 --> 00:13:51,199
and the the letter is available for

364
00:13:55,430 --> 00:13:52,720
anyone to see

365
00:13:58,310 --> 00:13:55,440
it was sent to the directorate of

366
00:14:00,949 --> 00:13:58,320
of nasa under the leadership of thomas

367
00:14:02,870 --> 00:14:00,959
zurbuchen who is responsible for all the

368
00:14:05,910 --> 00:14:02,880
science done at nasa

369
00:14:07,189 --> 00:14:05,920
and in that letter they explicitly say

370
00:14:08,550 --> 00:14:07,199
that

371
00:14:15,269 --> 00:14:08,560
the

372
00:14:17,990 --> 00:14:15,279
amir siraj and myself

373
00:14:20,389 --> 00:14:18,000
is indeed a discovery of an object from

374
00:14:26,550 --> 00:14:20,399
an interstellar origin

375
00:14:30,310 --> 00:14:28,069
confidence

376
00:14:32,790 --> 00:14:30,320
99.999

377
00:14:36,069 --> 00:14:32,800
so i ask you

378
00:14:37,829 --> 00:14:36,079
why would their free disbelieve

379
00:14:40,069 --> 00:14:37,839
the original report

380
00:14:43,509 --> 00:14:40,079
and the original email we had when the

381
00:14:45,829 --> 00:14:43,519
government is at the 99.999

382
00:14:47,430 --> 00:14:45,839
confident and obviously they would be

383
00:14:49,189 --> 00:14:47,440
because they have to know what they are

384
00:14:50,790 --> 00:14:49,199
doing in terms of monitoring the motion

385
00:14:54,470 --> 00:14:50,800
of objects

386
00:14:57,430 --> 00:14:54,480
you know in the sky right yeah so anyway

387
00:14:59,030 --> 00:14:57,440
this is the bottom line as of today this

388
00:15:01,350 --> 00:14:59,040
letter was released

389
00:15:05,189 --> 00:15:01,360
and now we know there was an

390
00:15:08,389 --> 00:15:05,199
interstellar uh object discovered before

391
00:15:10,870 --> 00:15:08,399
omua okay that's point number one

392
00:15:13,670 --> 00:15:10,880
the second point uh that it is

393
00:15:16,470 --> 00:15:13,680
significant is because this is a meteor

394
00:15:18,310 --> 00:15:16,480
what that means is it came it collided

395
00:15:22,069 --> 00:15:18,320
with the earth okay

396
00:15:23,910 --> 00:15:22,079
so um of course it burned in

397
00:15:25,750 --> 00:15:23,920
in the atmosphere and there was a

398
00:15:27,910 --> 00:15:25,760
fireball and that's how

399
00:15:29,110 --> 00:15:27,920
it was detected from the fireball from

400
00:15:31,030 --> 00:15:29,120
the heat

401
00:15:31,910 --> 00:15:31,040
as a result of it rubbing against the

402
00:15:33,030 --> 00:15:31,920
air

403
00:15:35,269 --> 00:15:33,040
but

404
00:15:37,509 --> 00:15:35,279
something you know some relic

405
00:15:39,350 --> 00:15:37,519
of it may have landed

406
00:15:42,230 --> 00:15:39,360
in the ocean

407
00:15:44,150 --> 00:15:42,240
so we can put our hands on it

408
00:15:46,629 --> 00:15:44,160
so there are two possibilities either

409
00:15:49,110 --> 00:15:46,639
this interstellar object

410
00:15:51,350 --> 00:15:49,120
is natural you know like people

411
00:15:53,829 --> 00:15:51,360
suggested about a moa maybe it's a

412
00:15:56,230 --> 00:15:53,839
nitrogen iceberg maybe it's a hydrogen

413
00:15:58,069 --> 00:15:56,240
iceberg you know maybe it's a dust bun

414
00:16:00,150 --> 00:15:58,079
well clearly this one is not a dust

415
00:16:02,550 --> 00:16:00,160
bunny because a dust bunny would not

416
00:16:04,790 --> 00:16:02,560
burn up like a meteor

417
00:16:07,189 --> 00:16:04,800
okay so here is an interstellar object

418
00:16:09,430 --> 00:16:07,199
that is not a dust bunny

419
00:16:12,310 --> 00:16:09,440
and you know if any piece of it landed

420
00:16:16,230 --> 00:16:12,320
in the ocean we can put our hands on it

421
00:16:18,550 --> 00:16:16,240
which we cannot do with respect to muah

422
00:16:20,710 --> 00:16:18,560
so that's the second reason why it's

423
00:16:22,870 --> 00:16:20,720
interesting and i suggest you know let's

424
00:16:24,389 --> 00:16:22,880
go and search for it

425
00:16:26,069 --> 00:16:24,399
it's very exciting and it got me

426
00:16:27,670 --> 00:16:26,079
thinking that

427
00:16:29,269 --> 00:16:27,680
with the equipment that you're trying to

428
00:16:30,870 --> 00:16:29,279
get let's talk about that first

429
00:16:33,430 --> 00:16:30,880
telescope that's going to be on the roof

430
00:16:35,350 --> 00:16:33,440
of the harvard college observatory what

431
00:16:37,350 --> 00:16:35,360
sort of time scales will it take from

432
00:16:40,470 --> 00:16:37,360
the telescope picking up an object of

433
00:16:43,030 --> 00:16:40,480
interest like like that meteor it being

434
00:16:45,110 --> 00:16:43,040
tracked and observed by your team to

435
00:16:47,269 --> 00:16:45,120
your team having sufficient data to

436
00:16:49,910 --> 00:16:47,279
decide on a course of action are we

437
00:16:51,670 --> 00:16:49,920
talking minutes hours days or

438
00:16:54,870 --> 00:16:51,680
potentially longer

439
00:16:57,110 --> 00:16:54,880
oh if we do detect a meteor then

440
00:16:57,990 --> 00:16:57,120
we immediately know that right and and

441
00:17:00,230 --> 00:16:58,000
then

442
00:17:02,470 --> 00:17:00,240
meteors are

443
00:17:05,909 --> 00:17:02,480
reported as as soon as they're

444
00:17:07,350 --> 00:17:05,919
discovered but you need to cover a a

445
00:17:09,270 --> 00:17:07,360
significant

446
00:17:11,909 --> 00:17:09,280
chunk of the sky to see one of them

447
00:17:13,590 --> 00:17:11,919
because they're rare and then let's say

448
00:17:14,949 --> 00:17:13,600
not a meteor that's something more

449
00:17:17,750 --> 00:17:14,959
anomalous

450
00:17:19,510 --> 00:17:17,760
you're picking and detecting yet so so

451
00:17:21,510 --> 00:17:19,520
the only i mean we will know immediately

452
00:17:23,750 --> 00:17:21,520
if there is something unusual

453
00:17:25,990 --> 00:17:23,760
um the question is how quickly will we

454
00:17:28,549 --> 00:17:26,000
release the data we need to go through a

455
00:17:29,590 --> 00:17:28,559
procedure where we check that you know

456
00:17:33,510 --> 00:17:29,600
it's not

457
00:17:35,430 --> 00:17:33,520
illusion of the instruments that we

458
00:17:37,350 --> 00:17:35,440
trust the data and that it's not

459
00:17:39,029 --> 00:17:37,360
something natural you know like

460
00:17:42,150 --> 00:17:39,039
something that is not of great interest

461
00:17:43,430 --> 00:17:42,160
and it's not a drone not the human made

462
00:17:45,990 --> 00:17:43,440
that may take

463
00:17:47,190 --> 00:17:46,000
some weeks or or at most a few months

464
00:17:49,110 --> 00:17:47,200
you know and

465
00:17:51,110 --> 00:17:49,120
but eventually we'll release the data so

466
00:17:53,909 --> 00:17:51,120
the only issue is really for us to be

467
00:17:56,310 --> 00:17:53,919
sure not to cry wolf

468
00:17:58,549 --> 00:17:56,320
you know unjustifiably because then we

469
00:18:01,029 --> 00:17:58,559
lose credibility if we off if we keep

470
00:18:02,470 --> 00:18:01,039
announcing things that are not real then

471
00:18:04,630 --> 00:18:02,480
you know people will not believe us

472
00:18:06,310 --> 00:18:04,640
anymore so we just need to be careful

473
00:18:09,350 --> 00:18:06,320
that what we are seeing is

474
00:18:10,789 --> 00:18:09,360
a real object that it behaves in ways

475
00:18:14,150 --> 00:18:10,799
that cannot be

476
00:18:15,909 --> 00:18:14,160
described as natural objects or

477
00:18:18,230 --> 00:18:15,919
human-made objects

478
00:18:20,470 --> 00:18:18,240
and of course once we verify that we'll

479
00:18:22,870 --> 00:18:20,480
be delighted to share it to share the

480
00:18:24,710 --> 00:18:22,880
data with everyone

481
00:18:26,870 --> 00:18:24,720
what steps have you put in place to

482
00:18:28,710 --> 00:18:26,880
future proof the technology that

483
00:18:31,110 --> 00:18:28,720
obviously we're you're still to build

484
00:18:33,350 --> 00:18:31,120
your first telescope but as our own

485
00:18:34,950 --> 00:18:33,360
technology advances i presume there's

486
00:18:36,710 --> 00:18:34,960
going to be scope for you to upgrade

487
00:18:38,230 --> 00:18:36,720
equipment down the line do you have a

488
00:18:41,190 --> 00:18:38,240
succession plan of what you would look

489
00:18:43,590 --> 00:18:41,200
to upgrade first yeah we have multiple

490
00:18:45,350 --> 00:18:43,600
phases that we are thinking about and of

491
00:18:48,230 --> 00:18:45,360
course funding is really important

492
00:18:50,470 --> 00:18:48,240
because if we do get funded at least 10

493
00:18:52,230 --> 00:18:50,480
times more than we have right now then

494
00:18:54,310 --> 00:18:52,240
instead of using a 10 centimeter

495
00:18:57,669 --> 00:18:54,320
aperture for the telescope that

496
00:19:00,789 --> 00:18:57,679
barely resolves um you know features

497
00:19:03,110 --> 00:19:00,799
of about half a meter on

498
00:19:05,029 --> 00:19:03,120
an object at a distance of 10 kilometers

499
00:19:07,190 --> 00:19:05,039
you know we might be able to do much

500
00:19:09,909 --> 00:19:07,200
better with a half a meter telescope or

501
00:19:12,630 --> 00:19:09,919
a meter size telescope

502
00:19:14,390 --> 00:19:12,640
and but that costs much more money like

503
00:19:16,870 --> 00:19:14,400
a meter size

504
00:19:17,830 --> 00:19:16,880
telescope costs half a million dollars

505
00:19:20,310 --> 00:19:17,840
so

506
00:19:22,150 --> 00:19:20,320
right now we focus on on telescopes that

507
00:19:24,230 --> 00:19:22,160
are of the order of

508
00:19:27,029 --> 00:19:24,240
the size of the palm of your hand you

509
00:19:27,990 --> 00:19:27,039
know like of all the 10 centimeters uh

510
00:19:29,909 --> 00:19:28,000
but

511
00:19:32,549 --> 00:19:29,919
if we had more funding we would go for

512
00:19:34,070 --> 00:19:32,559
bigger ones and bigger apertures and

513
00:19:36,470 --> 00:19:34,080
that would allow us to have better

514
00:19:40,310 --> 00:19:36,480
resolution crispier images

515
00:19:42,630 --> 00:19:40,320
um and also um we could afford many more

516
00:19:45,110 --> 00:19:42,640
uh eyes looking at the sky many more

517
00:19:47,510 --> 00:19:45,120
telescopes looking at the sky so

518
00:19:49,510 --> 00:19:47,520
it's all a question of funding uh our

519
00:19:51,270 --> 00:19:49,520
estimate is that with a hundred million

520
00:19:54,950 --> 00:19:51,280
dollars we should be able to do the job

521
00:19:57,029 --> 00:19:54,960
very well and that's really my goal to

522
00:19:58,549 --> 00:19:57,039
inspire people that

523
00:20:00,549 --> 00:19:58,559
can afford

524
00:20:02,789 --> 00:20:00,559
funding the project and you know it's

525
00:20:05,350 --> 00:20:02,799
not a lot of money when you consider

526
00:20:08,149 --> 00:20:05,360
scientific projects this is sort of

527
00:20:10,710 --> 00:20:08,159
mid-size

528
00:20:12,789 --> 00:20:10,720
or even small project

529
00:20:14,630 --> 00:20:12,799
relative to the big ones the big the

530
00:20:16,149 --> 00:20:14,640
biggest projects like the james webb

531
00:20:18,070 --> 00:20:16,159
space telescope or

532
00:20:19,990 --> 00:20:18,080
the large hadron collider they are a

533
00:20:21,669 --> 00:20:20,000
hundred times more expensive there are

534
00:20:23,830 --> 00:20:21,679
10 billion dollars here we're talking

535
00:20:26,710 --> 00:20:23,840
about one percent of that budget to

536
00:20:29,430 --> 00:20:26,720
accomplish everything we want so it's

537
00:20:32,149 --> 00:20:29,440
it's really not a lot

538
00:20:33,990 --> 00:20:32,159
the field of ufology ufos is very much

539
00:20:36,230 --> 00:20:34,000
still in its infancy and changing all

540
00:20:37,909 --> 00:20:36,240
the time

541
00:20:40,149 --> 00:20:37,919
it can be hard to speak to people who

542
00:20:42,149 --> 00:20:40,159
are are so science and data driven

543
00:20:44,710 --> 00:20:42,159
because it's difficult to not go into

544
00:20:47,190 --> 00:20:44,720
the speculative side of the subject

545
00:20:49,430 --> 00:20:47,200
however if you'll if you'll allow me for

546
00:20:52,070 --> 00:20:49,440
one moment many people would claim that

547
00:20:54,310 --> 00:20:52,080
the craft or uaps are potentially using

548
00:20:55,909 --> 00:20:54,320
anti-gravity technology that's something

549
00:20:57,510 --> 00:20:55,919
that's quite common would it be

550
00:20:59,510 --> 00:20:57,520
pertinent for people like yourself in

551
00:21:02,310 --> 00:20:59,520
the galileo project to look for

552
00:21:04,230 --> 00:21:02,320
signatures like gravitational waves and

553
00:21:07,190 --> 00:21:04,240
could you potentially track these using

554
00:21:09,669 --> 00:21:07,200
ligo or other laser interferometers

555
00:21:10,549 --> 00:21:09,679
okay so let me first say what is known

556
00:21:12,870 --> 00:21:10,559
uh

557
00:21:13,909 --> 00:21:12,880
in terms of the current science that we

558
00:21:15,510 --> 00:21:13,919
know about

559
00:21:17,110 --> 00:21:15,520
first of all

560
00:21:20,070 --> 00:21:17,120
according to einstein's theory of

561
00:21:22,070 --> 00:21:20,080
gravity you can get

562
00:21:24,070 --> 00:21:22,080
repulsive gravity

563
00:21:26,549 --> 00:21:24,080
and in fact

564
00:21:28,230 --> 00:21:26,559
you get it when the vacuum

565
00:21:31,270 --> 00:21:28,240
you know the vacuum is what what you

566
00:21:33,990 --> 00:21:31,280
have when you remove all the matter so

567
00:21:36,230 --> 00:21:34,000
when the vacuum itself has some mass

568
00:21:37,669 --> 00:21:36,240
density mass per unit volume or energy

569
00:21:39,990 --> 00:21:37,679
per unit volume

570
00:21:42,070 --> 00:21:40,000
it you can show that that in in the

571
00:21:42,950 --> 00:21:42,080
context of einstein's theory of gravity

572
00:21:46,390 --> 00:21:42,960
that

573
00:21:47,990 --> 00:21:46,400
gives you a repulsive force and actually

574
00:21:50,390 --> 00:21:48,000
we observe it

575
00:21:53,029 --> 00:21:50,400
so einstein thought well it's a mistake

576
00:21:53,909 --> 00:21:53,039
of my theory that uh you know it gives

577
00:21:56,070 --> 00:21:53,919
this

578
00:21:57,669 --> 00:21:56,080
so-called cosmological constant you know

579
00:22:00,549 --> 00:21:57,679
that has to do with the energy of the

580
00:22:03,029 --> 00:22:00,559
vacuum uh he thought oh i should get rid

581
00:22:04,870 --> 00:22:03,039
of it because otherwise you know

582
00:22:06,950 --> 00:22:04,880
you know he was thinking about it just

583
00:22:08,310 --> 00:22:06,960
to balance the expansion of the universe

584
00:22:10,470 --> 00:22:08,320
at the time he thought the universe

585
00:22:13,750 --> 00:22:10,480
doesn't expand so he thought having a

586
00:22:17,110 --> 00:22:13,760
repulsive force of gravity balancing the

587
00:22:19,110 --> 00:22:17,120
attractive force of matter would make

588
00:22:20,870 --> 00:22:19,120
the universe static

589
00:22:22,950 --> 00:22:20,880
not expanding if you have a perfect

590
00:22:24,470 --> 00:22:22,960
balance between the two forces

591
00:22:27,029 --> 00:22:24,480
but then he realized he was wrong

592
00:22:29,909 --> 00:22:27,039
because edwin hubble

593
00:22:32,230 --> 00:22:29,919
argued the universe is expanding and and

594
00:22:33,750 --> 00:22:32,240
einstein said oh that was a mistake i

595
00:22:35,909 --> 00:22:33,760
shouldn't have thought about this

596
00:22:37,830 --> 00:22:35,919
repulsive gravity but it turns out that

597
00:22:39,750 --> 00:22:37,840
it exists and in fact even though the

598
00:22:42,070 --> 00:22:39,760
universe is expanding

599
00:22:43,750 --> 00:22:42,080
its expansion is accelerating um

600
00:22:44,950 --> 00:22:43,760
recently and

601
00:22:47,430 --> 00:22:44,960
that means that there is something

602
00:22:49,909 --> 00:22:47,440
pushing galaxies apart

603
00:22:52,230 --> 00:22:49,919
uh a repulsive gravitational force which

604
00:22:54,630 --> 00:22:52,240
is believed to be a result of this

605
00:22:57,909 --> 00:22:54,640
cosmological constant the vacuum energy

606
00:23:00,070 --> 00:22:57,919
density and so it exists we know of that

607
00:23:01,430 --> 00:23:00,080
uh what is the nature of the vacuum

608
00:23:03,270 --> 00:23:01,440
energy that is

609
00:23:05,350 --> 00:23:03,280
causing this expansion

610
00:23:07,190 --> 00:23:05,360
you know where does it come from from a

611
00:23:09,990 --> 00:23:07,200
fundamental physics point of view we

612
00:23:12,070 --> 00:23:10,000
don't really understand that okay but

613
00:23:13,430 --> 00:23:12,080
the existence of a repulsive gravity

614
00:23:15,750 --> 00:23:13,440
anti-gravity

615
00:23:18,390 --> 00:23:15,760
is known to to be real because that the

616
00:23:20,390 --> 00:23:18,400
nobel prize was awarded for that and

617
00:23:22,470 --> 00:23:20,400
for the discovery of the accelerated

618
00:23:23,990 --> 00:23:22,480
expansion of the universe

619
00:23:25,590 --> 00:23:24,000
so the universe is not only expanding

620
00:23:28,070 --> 00:23:25,600
it's expanding with a speed that is

621
00:23:30,549 --> 00:23:28,080
increasing over time as if something is

622
00:23:31,669 --> 00:23:30,559
pushing everything apart and that

623
00:23:33,590 --> 00:23:31,679
happens

624
00:23:36,789 --> 00:23:33,600
only in recent

625
00:23:39,350 --> 00:23:36,799
history if you go back in time at early

626
00:23:41,430 --> 00:23:39,360
on the density of meta was so large much

627
00:23:43,830 --> 00:23:41,440
larger than the density of the vacuum

628
00:23:46,149 --> 00:23:43,840
the matter the matter density dominated

629
00:23:48,470 --> 00:23:46,159
the the radiation density dominated and

630
00:23:50,310 --> 00:23:48,480
at that point gravity was attractive so

631
00:23:51,590 --> 00:23:50,320
it's only a recent phenomena over the

632
00:23:53,830 --> 00:23:51,600
past

633
00:23:56,390 --> 00:23:53,840
half of the age of the universe that

634
00:23:58,870 --> 00:23:56,400
matter and radiation were diluted enough

635
00:24:01,350 --> 00:23:58,880
for the vacuum to take over and dominate

636
00:24:04,149 --> 00:24:01,360
and and show this accelerated expansion

637
00:24:04,950 --> 00:24:04,159
before that it wasn't really important

638
00:24:06,789 --> 00:24:04,960
uh

639
00:24:07,750 --> 00:24:06,799
except maybe very early on in the

640
00:24:10,390 --> 00:24:07,760
universe

641
00:24:12,390 --> 00:24:10,400
okay so that's what we know now

642
00:24:16,149 --> 00:24:12,400
uh that doesn't mean that we can

643
00:24:19,110 --> 00:24:16,159
manipulate the vacuum and sort of uh

644
00:24:21,029 --> 00:24:19,120
engineer it to propel things

645
00:24:23,029 --> 00:24:21,039
uh based on what we know we don't know

646
00:24:24,390 --> 00:24:23,039
how to do that let's put it that way we

647
00:24:27,830 --> 00:24:24,400
don't know how to

648
00:24:30,710 --> 00:24:27,840
sort of excavate the vacuum and and and

649
00:24:32,950 --> 00:24:30,720
you know use it for propulsion uh but

650
00:24:33,909 --> 00:24:32,960
that doesn't mean that it cannot be done

651
00:24:36,950 --> 00:24:33,919
i mean

652
00:24:39,830 --> 00:24:36,960
perhaps um a more advanced scientific

653
00:24:41,990 --> 00:24:39,840
civilization would be able to do that so

654
00:24:44,549 --> 00:24:42,000
i wouldn't rule it out it's just that we

655
00:24:47,669 --> 00:24:44,559
don't have any idea of how to do that

656
00:24:50,310 --> 00:24:47,679
how to you know propel something using

657
00:24:52,710 --> 00:24:50,320
the vacuum we don't know how to do that

658
00:24:55,029 --> 00:24:52,720
um and then the other thing i would say

659
00:24:56,470 --> 00:24:55,039
is gravitational waves are really

660
00:24:57,750 --> 00:24:56,480
difficult to

661
00:25:04,390 --> 00:24:57,760
excite

662
00:25:07,029 --> 00:25:04,400
you know in order to produce a

663
00:25:09,430 --> 00:25:07,039
meaningful level of a gravitational wave

664
00:25:11,669 --> 00:25:09,440
so that we can detect it with a

665
00:25:13,990 --> 00:25:11,679
an observatory like ligo

666
00:25:15,029 --> 00:25:14,000
or or the future observatories that we

667
00:25:18,549 --> 00:25:15,039
will build

668
00:25:21,269 --> 00:25:18,559
um what you read is what you need is a

669
00:25:21,990 --> 00:25:21,279
a very high concentration of of mass

670
00:25:24,789 --> 00:25:22,000
like

671
00:25:27,029 --> 00:25:24,799
you get uh in a black hole

672
00:25:29,909 --> 00:25:27,039
but the point is if you have that

673
00:25:31,350 --> 00:25:29,919
concentration of mass just the newtonian

674
00:25:33,350 --> 00:25:31,360
effect forget about gravity

675
00:25:35,590 --> 00:25:33,360
gravitational waves just the fact that

676
00:25:37,430 --> 00:25:35,600
you have this mass that is

677
00:25:39,909 --> 00:25:37,440
you know a very large mass in order to

678
00:25:40,950 --> 00:25:39,919
generate strong waves that mass by

679
00:25:43,510 --> 00:25:40,960
itself

680
00:25:45,830 --> 00:25:43,520
acts on anything on earth

681
00:25:48,630 --> 00:25:45,840
using you know based on newton's law of

682
00:25:52,549 --> 00:25:48,640
gravity okay so just like the sun acts

683
00:25:53,909 --> 00:25:52,559
on us or jupiter acts on us so

684
00:25:55,590 --> 00:25:53,919
before you even worry about

685
00:25:57,669 --> 00:25:55,600
gravitational waves there would be this

686
00:25:59,430 --> 00:25:57,679
newtonian effect that would move things

687
00:26:03,190 --> 00:25:59,440
around and we would notice it because

688
00:26:04,950 --> 00:26:03,200
the oceans would show a tide and so

689
00:26:06,870 --> 00:26:04,960
don't think about gravitational waves as

690
00:26:09,269 --> 00:26:06,880
if that would be the only way we would

691
00:26:12,870 --> 00:26:09,279
learn about a massive compact object

692
00:26:14,549 --> 00:26:12,880
that you know because long before that

693
00:26:16,390 --> 00:26:14,559
there would be effects like on the

694
00:26:18,549 --> 00:26:16,400
oceans a tidal effect due to the

695
00:26:21,110 --> 00:26:18,559
newtonian gravity that would

696
00:26:22,789 --> 00:26:21,120
move the oceans around in a way that is

697
00:26:25,510 --> 00:26:22,799
noticeable so

698
00:26:27,590 --> 00:26:25,520
so i would suggest not to think about

699
00:26:30,950 --> 00:26:27,600
gravitational waves as a good

700
00:26:32,870 --> 00:26:30,960
way of detecting um objects because

701
00:26:36,310 --> 00:26:32,880
there are much bigger effects that come

702
00:26:39,430 --> 00:26:36,320
into play before gravitation waves uh

703
00:26:41,590 --> 00:26:39,440
affect us or are measurable just based

704
00:26:44,870 --> 00:26:41,600
on gravity i'm saying

705
00:26:46,310 --> 00:26:44,880
there are other effects based on gravity

706
00:26:49,990 --> 00:26:46,320
that are much stronger like the

707
00:26:51,110 --> 00:26:50,000
newtonian force uh of a passing object

708
00:26:52,789 --> 00:26:51,120
so

709
00:26:56,470 --> 00:26:52,799
it's very difficult to generate

710
00:26:58,710 --> 00:26:56,480
detectable gravitational waves without

711
00:27:00,230 --> 00:26:58,720
producing a strong newtonian force

712
00:27:02,870 --> 00:27:00,240
that's my point

713
00:27:04,230 --> 00:27:02,880
so i would argue

714
00:27:06,390 --> 00:27:04,240
let's not think about gravitational

715
00:27:08,630 --> 00:27:06,400
waves as a good way to detect things

716
00:27:09,909 --> 00:27:08,640
we can use newtonian

717
00:27:13,350 --> 00:27:09,919
gravity

718
00:27:14,789 --> 00:27:13,360
to detect them much more easily and on

719
00:27:17,350 --> 00:27:14,799
top of that there are other things that

720
00:27:19,510 --> 00:27:17,360
we can observe of course using

721
00:27:21,350 --> 00:27:19,520
light you know radiation

722
00:27:23,590 --> 00:27:21,360
either reflected of the object or

723
00:27:26,149 --> 00:27:23,600
emitted by the object much easier to

724
00:27:27,909 --> 00:27:26,159
detect much much easier

725
00:27:29,430 --> 00:27:27,919
thanks for the explanation and some of

726
00:27:30,950 --> 00:27:29,440
the more scientific minded people i'm

727
00:27:32,870 --> 00:27:30,960
sure would have appreciated the detail

728
00:27:34,149 --> 00:27:32,880
you've gone into as well

729
00:27:35,750 --> 00:27:34,159
something you've talked about in the

730
00:27:37,990 --> 00:27:35,760
past avi is

731
00:27:39,830 --> 00:27:38,000
looking for strange fish and the idea

732
00:27:42,149 --> 00:27:39,840
that hopefully we could capture that

733
00:27:45,029 --> 00:27:42,159
amazing picture that photograph that

734
00:27:47,029 --> 00:27:45,039
data of something truly anomalous

735
00:27:49,909 --> 00:27:47,039
if you did as part of the galileo

736
00:27:51,510 --> 00:27:49,919
project capture this strange fish um how

737
00:27:53,430 --> 00:27:51,520
do you go about releasing that to the

738
00:27:55,269 --> 00:27:53,440
public you mentioned obviously you would

739
00:27:57,029 --> 00:27:55,279
you would release that to the public

740
00:27:59,190 --> 00:27:57,039
would there be some sort of press

741
00:28:00,310 --> 00:27:59,200
release or an event what what would that

742
00:28:03,510 --> 00:28:00,320
look like

743
00:28:05,590 --> 00:28:03,520
well it first of all we would as i said

744
00:28:07,750 --> 00:28:05,600
make sure that we understand how the

745
00:28:10,310 --> 00:28:07,760
data was collected and that what we are

746
00:28:12,950 --> 00:28:10,320
dealing with is real and it's not easily

747
00:28:14,789 --> 00:28:12,960
explainable as a natural phenomena or

748
00:28:16,630 --> 00:28:14,799
human-made object

749
00:28:18,389 --> 00:28:16,640
and then of course

750
00:28:20,950 --> 00:28:18,399
we will write a scientific paper about

751
00:28:23,029 --> 00:28:20,960
it uh to be submitted to a scientific

752
00:28:25,190 --> 00:28:23,039
journal peer-reviewed journal

753
00:28:27,110 --> 00:28:25,200
and have a press release about it and

754
00:28:29,669 --> 00:28:27,120
the data i should say at the end of all

755
00:28:31,350 --> 00:28:29,679
of this the data will be

756
00:28:32,549 --> 00:28:31,360
made available

757
00:28:34,870 --> 00:28:32,559
to anyone

758
00:28:36,789 --> 00:28:34,880
um we will never hold the data to

759
00:28:38,230 --> 00:28:36,799
ourselves because you know

760
00:28:40,630 --> 00:28:38,240
it's really

761
00:28:42,830 --> 00:28:40,640
trying to figure out what is going on in

762
00:28:45,669 --> 00:28:42,840
the vicinity of earth trying to figure

763
00:28:46,789 --> 00:28:45,679
out that knowledge which should be

764
00:28:48,470 --> 00:28:46,799
shared

765
00:28:51,190 --> 00:28:48,480
with all humans you know it doesn't

766
00:28:53,909 --> 00:28:51,200
adhere to national borders doesn't it's

767
00:28:56,230 --> 00:28:53,919
not a question of us you know knowing

768
00:28:57,590 --> 00:28:56,240
something that nobody else knows

769
00:28:59,669 --> 00:28:57,600
that's not really the issue and the

770
00:29:01,830 --> 00:28:59,679
other thing i should say is you know

771
00:29:03,190 --> 00:29:01,840
once we release the data and people can

772
00:29:06,389 --> 00:29:03,200
look at it

773
00:29:08,950 --> 00:29:06,399
i don't feel uh you know the need to

774
00:29:10,389 --> 00:29:08,960
convince people uh if the data is clear

775
00:29:12,549 --> 00:29:10,399
you know if if there is a high

776
00:29:13,990 --> 00:29:12,559
resolution image of an object that looks

777
00:29:16,230 --> 00:29:14,000
artificial

778
00:29:19,029 --> 00:29:16,240
and yet it moves in ways that our

779
00:29:22,630 --> 00:29:19,039
technology technologies cannot reproduce

780
00:29:25,110 --> 00:29:22,640
or we cannot imagine a natural way of

781
00:29:26,789 --> 00:29:25,120
making such an object you know like for

782
00:29:28,950 --> 00:29:26,799
example if it moves at a fraction of the

783
00:29:31,510 --> 00:29:28,960
speed of light or accelerates in in very

784
00:29:34,149 --> 00:29:31,520
strange ways you know um

785
00:29:35,430 --> 00:29:34,159
if people want to

786
00:29:36,149 --> 00:29:35,440
argue with that

787
00:29:37,909 --> 00:29:36,159
so

788
00:29:40,549 --> 00:29:37,919
let them argue with that you know it's

789
00:29:42,310 --> 00:29:40,559
not a matter of a popularity contest on

790
00:29:44,950 --> 00:29:42,320
twitter

791
00:29:48,310 --> 00:29:44,960
just for the same reason that it was not

792
00:29:49,110 --> 00:29:48,320
necessary for galileo uh four centuries

793
00:29:51,590 --> 00:29:49,120
ago

794
00:29:53,990 --> 00:29:51,600
to convince the philosophers they didn't

795
00:29:55,430 --> 00:29:54,000
believe him they put him in house arrest

796
00:29:57,750 --> 00:29:55,440
today they would have cancelled him on

797
00:29:59,430 --> 00:29:57,760
social media that was not really the

798
00:30:01,990 --> 00:29:59,440
issue the issue is not whether they

799
00:30:03,110 --> 00:30:02,000
agree with him the issue is whether he's

800
00:30:06,470 --> 00:30:03,120
right

801
00:30:09,110 --> 00:30:06,480
and uh the evidence is the best way to

802
00:30:10,710 --> 00:30:09,120
demonstrate that you're right it's not

803
00:30:12,950 --> 00:30:10,720
how many people agree with it's not

804
00:30:14,789 --> 00:30:12,960
politics you see and

805
00:30:16,710 --> 00:30:14,799
if you were to ask those philosophers to

806
00:30:18,710 --> 00:30:16,720
design a space mission to mars they

807
00:30:20,549 --> 00:30:18,720
would never get to their destination

808
00:30:22,149 --> 00:30:20,559
because they thought that mars moves

809
00:30:24,630 --> 00:30:22,159
around the air so they had the wrong

810
00:30:26,149 --> 00:30:24,640
idea and reality is whatever it is you

811
00:30:27,990 --> 00:30:26,159
know the earth continued to move around

812
00:30:30,310 --> 00:30:28,000
the sun even though this philosopher

813
00:30:32,310 --> 00:30:30,320
disagreed with that and the galileo

814
00:30:35,269 --> 00:30:32,320
project is called after galileo for that

815
00:30:37,029 --> 00:30:35,279
reason that we will base our statements

816
00:30:39,750 --> 00:30:37,039
on the evidence

817
00:30:41,510 --> 00:30:39,760
and frankly it's not a popularity

818
00:30:44,549 --> 00:30:41,520
contest

819
00:30:46,310 --> 00:30:44,559
you mentioned galileo and the house

820
00:30:48,950 --> 00:30:46,320
arrest and philosophers you know thought

821
00:30:50,950 --> 00:30:48,960
he was wrong about his observations

822
00:30:53,590 --> 00:30:50,960
do you think it's equally as important

823
00:30:55,590 --> 00:30:53,600
to be able to accept being wrong in this

824
00:30:57,430 --> 00:30:55,600
field because you mentioned einstein

825
00:30:59,830 --> 00:30:57,440
himself who once thought that the

826
00:31:02,470 --> 00:30:59,840
universe was static and wasn't expanding

827
00:31:04,549 --> 00:31:02,480
but when he finds out actually as he can

828
00:31:06,630 --> 00:31:04,559
admit do you know what i never thought

829
00:31:08,789 --> 00:31:06,640
of this or whatever that was and he can

830
00:31:11,830 --> 00:31:08,799
move on and help in the study

831
00:31:14,630 --> 00:31:11,840
it still seems that so many mainstream

832
00:31:17,190 --> 00:31:14,640
physicists scientists um astrologists

833
00:31:19,110 --> 00:31:17,200
astronomers sorry and others don't want

834
00:31:21,029 --> 00:31:19,120
to get involved in the conversation i

835
00:31:23,990 --> 00:31:21,039
know in the uk we have professor brian

836
00:31:25,830 --> 00:31:24,000
cox who is somewhat of a celebrity but

837
00:31:27,509 --> 00:31:25,840
is still quite outspoken on the subject

838
00:31:30,070 --> 00:31:27,519
and doesn't like entertaining the notion

839
00:31:30,950 --> 00:31:30,080
of aliens or extraterrestrials

840
00:31:33,029 --> 00:31:30,960
um

841
00:31:34,710 --> 00:31:33,039
uh certain certain astronauts recently

842
00:31:37,190 --> 00:31:34,720
have also came out again i think it was

843
00:31:38,470 --> 00:31:37,200
chris hadfield today was quoted again

844
00:31:40,389 --> 00:31:38,480
and saying you know if you think there's

845
00:31:41,990 --> 00:31:40,399
aliens out there you're a bit stupid

846
00:31:44,149 --> 00:31:42,000
basically which is a strange statement

847
00:31:46,149 --> 00:31:44,159
to make so do you think it's important

848
00:31:47,990 --> 00:31:46,159
that people can accept that there could

849
00:31:50,149 --> 00:31:48,000
be something else out there and help

850
00:31:52,310 --> 00:31:50,159
move that conversation forward

851
00:31:54,389 --> 00:31:52,320
yeah so i do think many of these

852
00:31:55,990 --> 00:31:54,399
statements are made because

853
00:31:58,789 --> 00:31:56,000
the people who make them think that they

854
00:32:02,230 --> 00:31:58,799
are popular and they want to be liked on

855
00:32:03,830 --> 00:32:02,240
twitter and social media okay so what

856
00:32:05,750 --> 00:32:03,840
that reflects

857
00:32:07,830 --> 00:32:05,760
is sort of

858
00:32:10,310 --> 00:32:07,840
the the current uh

859
00:32:13,190 --> 00:32:10,320
trends in society you know like it's

860
00:32:15,750 --> 00:32:13,200
completely legitimate and and

861
00:32:19,190 --> 00:32:15,760
acceptable to dismiss and ridicule this

862
00:32:21,990 --> 00:32:19,200
subject and to say extraordinary claims

863
00:32:24,470 --> 00:32:22,000
require extraordinary evidence which

864
00:32:26,630 --> 00:32:24,480
is a quote from carl sagan but i

865
00:32:28,389 --> 00:32:26,640
disagree with that because i think that

866
00:32:30,389 --> 00:32:28,399
extraordinary evidence requires

867
00:32:32,630 --> 00:32:30,399
extraordinary funding so

868
00:32:33,350 --> 00:32:32,640
you know i call it the ostrich factor if

869
00:32:44,070 --> 00:32:33,360
you

870
00:32:45,509 --> 00:32:44,080
look for that and

871
00:32:47,990 --> 00:32:45,519
if you look for example at the search

872
00:32:50,470 --> 00:32:48,000
for dark matter there were billions of

873
00:32:52,149 --> 00:32:50,480
dollars invested in that and we haven't

874
00:32:54,389 --> 00:32:52,159
found it so if we search for

875
00:32:56,230 --> 00:32:54,399
technological equipment for 40 years and

876
00:32:59,430 --> 00:32:56,240
invest billions of dollars and not find

877
00:33:02,470 --> 00:32:59,440
anything we would be just the same point

878
00:33:04,630 --> 00:33:02,480
as dark matter searches are today so my

879
00:33:06,230 --> 00:33:04,640
point is those people that ridicule the

880
00:33:08,549 --> 00:33:06,240
subject why don't they ridicule the

881
00:33:11,750 --> 00:33:08,559
possibility that dark matter is made of

882
00:33:15,110 --> 00:33:11,760
um the lightest supersymmetric particle

883
00:33:17,190 --> 00:33:15,120
after all you know not only that is a

884
00:33:19,190 --> 00:33:17,200
possibility that was not verified by

885
00:33:21,350 --> 00:33:19,200
experiment so you can call it a

886
00:33:23,269 --> 00:33:21,360
speculation but also we invested

887
00:33:25,269 --> 00:33:23,279
billions of dollars searching for that

888
00:33:27,269 --> 00:33:25,279
and didn't find it so you should

889
00:33:29,029 --> 00:33:27,279
ridicule it twice

890
00:33:30,630 --> 00:33:29,039
after investing the billions of dollars

891
00:33:33,430 --> 00:33:30,640
we didn't find it it's not just that it

892
00:33:35,350 --> 00:33:33,440
was a speculation to start with and yet

893
00:33:36,710 --> 00:33:35,360
that is part of the mainstream and you

894
00:33:39,350 --> 00:33:36,720
wouldn't hear these people saying

895
00:33:41,350 --> 00:33:39,360
anything bad about the speculation that

896
00:33:43,430 --> 00:33:41,360
the dark matter is

897
00:33:44,870 --> 00:33:43,440
the lightest supersymmetric particle

898
00:33:46,549 --> 00:33:44,880
even though we invested the money we

899
00:33:48,549 --> 00:33:46,559
didn't find it okay you wouldn't hear

900
00:33:49,669 --> 00:33:48,559
them criticize it

901
00:33:51,269 --> 00:33:49,679
and yet

902
00:33:52,789 --> 00:33:51,279
in the in terms of searching for

903
00:33:54,789 --> 00:33:52,799
something like us

904
00:33:57,669 --> 00:33:54,799
that sent equipment to

905
00:34:00,630 --> 00:33:57,679
space searching for those relics which

906
00:34:03,350 --> 00:34:00,640
is not a speculative and would have huge

907
00:34:05,909 --> 00:34:03,360
impact on society if we find it there is

908
00:34:06,789 --> 00:34:05,919
this ridicule and the way i see it is

909
00:34:07,990 --> 00:34:06,799
just

910
00:34:09,750 --> 00:34:08,000
um

911
00:34:12,310 --> 00:34:09,760
you know as a result of

912
00:34:13,750 --> 00:34:12,320
social norms at this time it has nothing

913
00:34:15,030 --> 00:34:13,760
to do with the evidence because as i

914
00:34:17,750 --> 00:34:15,040
said

915
00:34:19,510 --> 00:34:17,760
on the nature of dark matter we actually

916
00:34:21,750 --> 00:34:19,520
searched and didn't find so that's even

917
00:34:25,349 --> 00:34:21,760
a worse point to be in here we didn't

918
00:34:27,750 --> 00:34:25,359
even search so how can that be how can

919
00:34:30,310 --> 00:34:27,760
it be that people have resistance to the

920
00:34:31,990 --> 00:34:30,320
actual search and the point is if if you

921
00:34:34,069 --> 00:34:32,000
don't fund the search you would never

922
00:34:37,589 --> 00:34:34,079
find anything and the galileo project

923
00:34:39,349 --> 00:34:37,599
tries to break that mold and my hope is

924
00:34:41,510 --> 00:34:39,359
to bring this subject to the mainstream

925
00:34:44,069 --> 00:34:41,520
of physics where it belongs because the

926
00:34:46,230 --> 00:34:44,079
public cares about it the public finds

927
00:34:47,909 --> 00:34:46,240
science and we should just search now if

928
00:34:49,990 --> 00:34:47,919
we don't find anything

929
00:34:52,069 --> 00:34:50,000
so be it you know we we will report

930
00:34:54,230 --> 00:34:52,079
whatever we see and we will use the

931
00:34:56,069 --> 00:34:54,240
scientific method and

932
00:34:58,390 --> 00:34:56,079
you know that's the way science works i

933
00:35:00,230 --> 00:34:58,400
just cannot understand why people would

934
00:35:01,270 --> 00:35:00,240
ridicule the possibility that something

935
00:35:03,510 --> 00:35:01,280
like us

936
00:35:06,069 --> 00:35:03,520
existed a billion years ago on another

937
00:35:07,829 --> 00:35:06,079
planet that sent probes you know that i

938
00:35:09,990 --> 00:35:07,839
don't think albert einstein was the

939
00:35:11,990 --> 00:35:10,000
smartest scientist that ever lived since

940
00:35:14,150 --> 00:35:12,000
the big bang

941
00:35:16,150 --> 00:35:14,160
now i'm hoping when you go to this

942
00:35:18,550 --> 00:35:16,160
bitcoin event that some of those

943
00:35:20,310 --> 00:35:18,560
investors with with big pockets and deep

944
00:35:22,390 --> 00:35:20,320
pockets give you some of the money

945
00:35:23,910 --> 00:35:22,400
you're hoping for if not all of it

946
00:35:25,430 --> 00:35:23,920
we keep hearing that there are

947
00:35:29,349 --> 00:35:25,440
connections potentially between

948
00:35:31,430 --> 00:35:29,359
anomalous objects uap and on the water

949
00:35:34,069 --> 00:35:31,440
and we hear about also nuclear

950
00:35:36,150 --> 00:35:34,079
facilities nuclear technology does any

951
00:35:38,069 --> 00:35:36,160
of that come into your thinking with if

952
00:35:40,630 --> 00:35:38,079
you get the opportunity to put multiple

953
00:35:42,790 --> 00:35:40,640
telescopes and center systems up that

954
00:35:45,510 --> 00:35:42,800
you would hope to set something up close

955
00:35:47,510 --> 00:35:45,520
to nuclear facilities or near bodies of

956
00:35:49,349 --> 00:35:47,520
water that may be of interest

957
00:35:51,349 --> 00:35:49,359
yeah so the one thing you find if you

958
00:35:53,190 --> 00:35:51,359
look at all the reports on

959
00:35:54,150 --> 00:35:53,200
ufos or uap

960
00:35:55,829 --> 00:35:54,160
is that

961
00:35:58,630 --> 00:35:55,839
the number of reports is highly

962
00:36:00,310 --> 00:35:58,640
correlated with the population density

963
00:36:03,270 --> 00:36:00,320
and that's simply because there are more

964
00:36:05,829 --> 00:36:03,280
eyes at the sky in places where humans

965
00:36:08,150 --> 00:36:05,839
are and um moreover

966
00:36:11,270 --> 00:36:08,160
military facilities nuclear facilities

967
00:36:13,270 --> 00:36:11,280
are being monitored all the time so um

968
00:36:15,030 --> 00:36:13,280
the fact that there there are lots of

969
00:36:16,790 --> 00:36:15,040
reports coming from those facilities

970
00:36:19,510 --> 00:36:16,800
doesn't mean that there is more activity

971
00:36:22,150 --> 00:36:19,520
there it just means that these regions

972
00:36:24,150 --> 00:36:22,160
are more are monitored more often

973
00:36:25,750 --> 00:36:24,160
at least to to zeroth order that's

974
00:36:26,710 --> 00:36:25,760
that's what you conclude when you look

975
00:36:28,069 --> 00:36:26,720
at that

976
00:36:30,550 --> 00:36:28,079
and um

977
00:36:31,910 --> 00:36:30,560
in my mind it's it's quite possible that

978
00:36:33,430 --> 00:36:31,920
these things

979
00:36:34,790 --> 00:36:33,440
happen everywhere

980
00:36:39,109 --> 00:36:34,800
that

981
00:36:41,589 --> 00:36:39,119
um we should just um go to go to places

982
00:36:43,109 --> 00:36:41,599
uh you know everywhere on earth and see

983
00:36:45,829 --> 00:36:43,119
if we we can

984
00:36:48,230 --> 00:36:45,839
find evidence for that and but of course

985
00:36:49,829 --> 00:36:48,240
when we choose the locations the sites

986
00:36:51,430 --> 00:36:49,839
where we want to put our telescope

987
00:36:53,990 --> 00:36:51,440
systems we will take that into

988
00:36:55,670 --> 00:36:54,000
consideration but uh we will make sure

989
00:36:57,510 --> 00:36:55,680
that we don't violate the law you know

990
00:37:00,790 --> 00:36:57,520
we can't

991
00:37:03,190 --> 00:37:00,800
go into areas that are classified we

992
00:37:05,510 --> 00:37:03,200
will try to to look at the sky from

993
00:37:07,750 --> 00:37:05,520
vantage points where there is no

994
00:37:09,829 --> 00:37:07,760
conflict with national

995
00:37:10,870 --> 00:37:09,839
not national security interests

996
00:37:12,710 --> 00:37:10,880
of course

997
00:37:14,950 --> 00:37:12,720
and i wonder havi you talk about

998
00:37:17,190 --> 00:37:14,960
reproducible results as really important

999
00:37:18,550 --> 00:37:17,200
within science it's it's the be all and

1000
00:37:21,349 --> 00:37:18,560
end all in terms of you know being able

1001
00:37:23,910 --> 00:37:21,359
to reproduce that data if you find one

1002
00:37:27,349 --> 00:37:23,920
of these telescopes particularly is

1003
00:37:29,589 --> 00:37:27,359
picking up objects over a period of time

1004
00:37:32,870 --> 00:37:29,599
other plans to potentially i'll i'll use

1005
00:37:34,470 --> 00:37:32,880
the phrase bait or try and

1006
00:37:36,470 --> 00:37:34,480
try and get one of these things to come

1007
00:37:37,990 --> 00:37:36,480
out via any methods or is it purely

1008
00:37:39,190 --> 00:37:38,000
observational

1009
00:37:42,470 --> 00:37:39,200
yeah first

1010
00:37:44,790 --> 00:37:42,480
my philosophy is getting passive

1011
00:37:46,870 --> 00:37:44,800
uh data basically observing it from a

1012
00:37:48,790 --> 00:37:46,880
distance just like you go to the zoo and

1013
00:37:50,630 --> 00:37:48,800
you look at the giraffes and the

1014
00:37:51,910 --> 00:37:50,640
elephants and you try to see what they

1015
00:37:55,270 --> 00:37:51,920
are doing and

1016
00:37:56,069 --> 00:37:55,280
and learn about their nature okay

1017
00:37:58,630 --> 00:37:56,079
but

1018
00:37:59,430 --> 00:37:58,640
if you do find something unusual that

1019
00:38:01,670 --> 00:37:59,440
they

1020
00:38:03,510 --> 00:38:01,680
came from outside of this earth

1021
00:38:05,990 --> 00:38:03,520
the question is what to do

1022
00:38:08,310 --> 00:38:06,000
and you know uh that is a serious issue

1023
00:38:10,230 --> 00:38:08,320
because in the past most discussions

1024
00:38:13,990 --> 00:38:10,240
were about a radio signal that comes

1025
00:38:15,990 --> 00:38:14,000
from a star tens of thousands of

1026
00:38:18,470 --> 00:38:16,000
light years away so you have plenty of

1027
00:38:20,630 --> 00:38:18,480
time to decide what to do about that

1028
00:38:22,390 --> 00:38:20,640
information but if you have a visitor in

1029
00:38:24,470 --> 00:38:22,400
your backyard you have to respond

1030
00:38:27,030 --> 00:38:24,480
immediately and currently we don't have

1031
00:38:28,710 --> 00:38:27,040
a protocol that we you know there needs

1032
00:38:30,950 --> 00:38:28,720
to be an organization that will

1033
00:38:33,030 --> 00:38:30,960
represent humanity the question is who

1034
00:38:34,870 --> 00:38:33,040
represents humanity and

1035
00:38:36,870 --> 00:38:34,880
that organization we need to decide how

1036
00:38:37,990 --> 00:38:36,880
to engage with this object once we know

1037
00:38:40,069 --> 00:38:38,000
what it does

1038
00:38:42,710 --> 00:38:40,079
so my but my recommendation is the first

1039
00:38:44,390 --> 00:38:42,720
step is just monitor the object see what

1040
00:38:46,390 --> 00:38:44,400
kind of information it's seeking

1041
00:38:48,870 --> 00:38:46,400
assuming the object is active you know

1042
00:38:50,790 --> 00:38:48,880
there could be interstellar artifacts or

1043
00:38:52,790 --> 00:38:50,800
interstellar relics

1044
00:38:55,829 --> 00:38:52,800
that originate from technological

1045
00:38:58,069 --> 00:38:55,839
civilizations that are just space trash

1046
00:38:59,990 --> 00:38:58,079
you know they they just like voyager in

1047
00:39:01,670 --> 00:39:00,000
a billion years from now would not be

1048
00:39:03,829 --> 00:39:01,680
functional and

1049
00:39:06,310 --> 00:39:03,839
there may be a lot of trash out there

1050
00:39:09,829 --> 00:39:06,320
you know if we see a meteor that happens

1051
00:39:12,310 --> 00:39:09,839
to be technological debris some

1052
00:39:14,870 --> 00:39:12,320
technological relic

1053
00:39:17,670 --> 00:39:14,880
it might be just trash it it will not

1054
00:39:19,589 --> 00:39:17,680
try to seek any information just burn

1055
00:39:21,990 --> 00:39:19,599
partly burn in the atmosphere then land

1056
00:39:24,550 --> 00:39:22,000
and we could see that it's technological

1057
00:39:26,069 --> 00:39:24,560
um and the question is which fraction of

1058
00:39:28,069 --> 00:39:26,079
the things we see

1059
00:39:29,829 --> 00:39:28,079
are space trash you know that just

1060
00:39:33,510 --> 00:39:29,839
happened to pass by

1061
00:39:36,230 --> 00:39:33,520
uh versus um you know equipment that has

1062
00:39:37,430 --> 00:39:36,240
a purpose that perhaps is

1063
00:39:39,910 --> 00:39:37,440
uh

1064
00:39:42,630 --> 00:39:39,920
represents artificial intelligence that

1065
00:39:45,190 --> 00:39:42,640
is trying to learn something about

1066
00:39:46,710 --> 00:39:45,200
earth you know and um

1067
00:39:48,950 --> 00:39:46,720
i think that's the first thing for us to

1068
00:39:51,109 --> 00:39:48,960
figure out and and then if it does look

1069
00:39:53,829 --> 00:39:51,119
for some information we need to to know

1070
00:39:55,670 --> 00:39:53,839
what kind of information is it seeking

1071
00:39:57,349 --> 00:39:55,680
and only then we can start thinking

1072
00:39:59,670 --> 00:39:57,359
about how to respond to it you know and

1073
00:40:02,710 --> 00:39:59,680
we we should all remember the

1074
00:40:05,150 --> 00:40:02,720
story uh from a greek mythology about

1075
00:40:07,510 --> 00:40:05,160
the trojan horse that was

1076
00:40:10,630 --> 00:40:07,520
mischaracterized by

1077
00:40:12,870 --> 00:40:10,640
the citizens of troy

1078
00:40:14,710 --> 00:40:12,880
i want to ask you avi um you wrote an

1079
00:40:16,710 --> 00:40:14,720
article back in march and you spent time

1080
00:40:18,390 --> 00:40:16,720
with journalist leslie kane she

1081
00:40:19,990 --> 00:40:18,400
mentioned during the article that she

1082
00:40:22,390 --> 00:40:20,000
loved the sound of rain to which she

1083
00:40:24,309 --> 00:40:22,400
replied it's even better when it snows

1084
00:40:26,630 --> 00:40:24,319
there is soft silence and then you open

1085
00:40:29,109 --> 00:40:26,640
the door to a completely new reality i

1086
00:40:30,870 --> 00:40:29,119
would like to ask you is it snowing yet

1087
00:40:33,109 --> 00:40:30,880
or are we starting to open that door to

1088
00:40:35,030 --> 00:40:33,119
that new reality it's quite possible

1089
00:40:37,190 --> 00:40:35,040
that it's snowing and we just didn't

1090
00:40:39,190 --> 00:40:37,200
open the door yet and what the galileo

1091
00:40:41,270 --> 00:40:39,200
project is trying to do is

1092
00:40:42,950 --> 00:40:41,280
look through the open door and see what

1093
00:40:45,910 --> 00:40:42,960
what is out there and

1094
00:40:48,150 --> 00:40:45,920
you know my point is

1095
00:40:50,069 --> 00:40:48,160
you know the the the

1096
00:40:53,109 --> 00:40:50,079
signs of something else

1097
00:40:55,270 --> 00:40:53,119
may be silent maybe very uh

1098
00:40:57,510 --> 00:40:55,280
they may not be obvious to us and that's

1099
00:40:59,270 --> 00:40:57,520
why you know if they were obvious then

1100
00:41:01,589 --> 00:40:59,280
we would know about it a long time ago

1101
00:41:03,670 --> 00:41:01,599
just like we know about birds you know

1102
00:41:06,790 --> 00:41:03,680
we've we've been seeing birds and we

1103
00:41:08,790 --> 00:41:06,800
know about them they're part of our life

1104
00:41:11,430 --> 00:41:08,800
trees we know about them

1105
00:41:13,510 --> 00:41:11,440
uh but obviously you know if we don't

1106
00:41:14,950 --> 00:41:13,520
put any effort we will not find those

1107
00:41:16,870 --> 00:41:14,960
things that are

1108
00:41:19,190 --> 00:41:16,880
a little more subtle you know that not

1109
00:41:21,109 --> 00:41:19,200
easy to detect and when enrico fermi

1110
00:41:22,309 --> 00:41:21,119
asked where is everybody you know the

1111
00:41:24,550 --> 00:41:22,319
point is

1112
00:41:25,829 --> 00:41:24,560
if it was obvious he would need to ask

1113
00:41:27,510 --> 00:41:25,839
it but then

1114
00:41:29,990 --> 00:41:27,520
you know it would have been part of our

1115
00:41:32,150 --> 00:41:30,000
culture to to say oh that there are all

1116
00:41:34,230 --> 00:41:32,160
these visitors coming to us all the time

1117
00:41:36,710 --> 00:41:34,240
you know the fact that we don't have it

1118
00:41:39,109 --> 00:41:36,720
in our our culture means that it's not

1119
00:41:41,589 --> 00:41:39,119
something that comes to us without an

1120
00:41:43,109 --> 00:41:41,599
effort on our behalf just like learning

1121
00:41:45,510 --> 00:41:43,119
about the universe we need to use

1122
00:41:47,829 --> 00:41:45,520
telescopes and that costs money that you

1123
00:41:49,910 --> 00:41:47,839
know you need to put an effort and it it

1124
00:41:52,069 --> 00:41:49,920
sort of makes sense because

1125
00:41:54,069 --> 00:41:52,079
space is huge you know that the size of

1126
00:41:56,630 --> 00:41:54,079
the universe is 10 to the power 19

1127
00:41:58,630 --> 00:41:56,640
bigger than the size of the earth okay

1128
00:42:00,630 --> 00:41:58,640
so we are sitting here on earth and

1129
00:42:03,190 --> 00:42:00,640
asking you know where is everybody

1130
00:42:04,069 --> 00:42:03,200
that's a tiny bit of the space out there

1131
00:42:06,069 --> 00:42:04,079
and

1132
00:42:08,309 --> 00:42:06,079
you know why why would we be so

1133
00:42:10,309 --> 00:42:08,319
important that it would be obvious to us

1134
00:42:12,390 --> 00:42:10,319
that there is something going on and

1135
00:42:15,109 --> 00:42:12,400
then the other thing is the time axis

1136
00:42:16,630 --> 00:42:15,119
you know the universe existed for 13.8

1137
00:42:19,349 --> 00:42:16,640
billion years you know i'm talking

1138
00:42:21,750 --> 00:42:19,359
billions of years and the

1139
00:42:24,150 --> 00:42:21,760
recorded human history is only 10 000

1140
00:42:26,309 --> 00:42:24,160
years old so that's a millionth of that

1141
00:42:28,950 --> 00:42:26,319
of the age of the universe and

1142
00:42:31,109 --> 00:42:28,960
we don't know what happened before we

1143
00:42:34,230 --> 00:42:31,119
we just have such a short glimpse of

1144
00:42:37,030 --> 00:42:34,240
what we know about that i would argue

1145
00:42:39,030 --> 00:42:37,040
let's be modest and let's really look

1146
00:42:40,309 --> 00:42:39,040
around before we make any statements you

1147
00:42:42,230 --> 00:42:40,319
know

1148
00:42:43,990 --> 00:42:42,240
avi i got sent a lot of listener

1149
00:42:45,510 --> 00:42:44,000
questions which we won't have time for

1150
00:42:47,349 --> 00:42:45,520
today but i'd love to get you back on

1151
00:42:49,109 --> 00:42:47,359
soon i'd like to finish with this one

1152
00:42:51,030 --> 00:42:49,119
though from bartholomew

1153
00:42:53,430 --> 00:42:51,040
based on the collective experience of

1154
00:42:55,589 --> 00:42:53,440
you avi and the advisory board for the

1155
00:42:57,510 --> 00:42:55,599
galileo project what is your current

1156
00:42:59,910 --> 00:42:57,520
level of confidence that truly

1157
00:43:01,990 --> 00:42:59,920
scientifically anomalous object will be

1158
00:43:04,230 --> 00:43:02,000
identified and documented inside the

1159
00:43:05,670 --> 00:43:04,240
earth's atmosphere or in the near earth

1160
00:43:06,870 --> 00:43:05,680
region

1161
00:43:07,990 --> 00:43:06,880
well

1162
00:43:12,230 --> 00:43:08,000
i

1163
00:43:16,069 --> 00:43:12,240
um

1164
00:43:18,630 --> 00:43:16,079
the poem by frost uh robert frost

1165
00:43:22,309 --> 00:43:18,640
that talked about uh taking the road not

1166
00:43:24,550 --> 00:43:22,319
taken uh when two paths diverged in the

1167
00:43:27,510 --> 00:43:24,560
woods and uh

1168
00:43:30,870 --> 00:43:27,520
according to him uh taking the road not

1169
00:43:33,270 --> 00:43:30,880
taken uh made all the difference for him

1170
00:43:35,589 --> 00:43:33,280
uh for me it offers the scientific

1171
00:43:37,750 --> 00:43:35,599
advantage that you might find low

1172
00:43:41,270 --> 00:43:37,760
hanging fruit because nobody took that

1173
00:43:43,510 --> 00:43:41,280
path so i'm actually optimistic that we

1174
00:43:45,829 --> 00:43:43,520
will learn something new uh in the

1175
00:43:47,750 --> 00:43:45,839
coming years as long as we dare to look

1176
00:43:49,430 --> 00:43:47,760
through our telescopes you see as long

1177
00:43:51,109 --> 00:43:49,440
as we don't

1178
00:43:56,470 --> 00:43:51,119
uh

1179
00:43:57,910 --> 00:43:56,480
those the naysayers that say we know the

1180
00:43:59,829 --> 00:43:57,920
answer in advance we don't need to look

1181
00:44:01,349 --> 00:43:59,839
through telescopes which is pretty much

1182
00:44:03,829 --> 00:44:01,359
the approach taken by philosophers

1183
00:44:04,630 --> 00:44:03,839
during the days of galileo so my point

1184
00:44:07,190 --> 00:44:04,640
is

1185
00:44:08,710 --> 00:44:07,200
if we go out and and search

1186
00:44:11,750 --> 00:44:08,720
i'm

1187
00:44:15,030 --> 00:44:11,760
i i would be optimistic that we will

1188
00:44:17,670 --> 00:44:15,040
maybe find something uh new just because

1189
00:44:19,750 --> 00:44:17,680
nobody tried that before you see i mean

1190
00:44:20,790 --> 00:44:19,760
there are anecdotal reports from the

1191
00:44:23,349 --> 00:44:20,800
government which is the most

1192
00:44:25,349 --> 00:44:23,359
conservative organization and from the

1193
00:44:27,109 --> 00:44:25,359
first interstellar object to

1194
00:44:29,430 --> 00:44:27,119
that you know there is something strange

1195
00:44:31,190 --> 00:44:29,440
going on that and that's intriguing for

1196
00:44:33,990 --> 00:44:31,200
me it's not conclusive but it's

1197
00:44:35,510 --> 00:44:34,000
intriguing because it already says you

1198
00:44:36,550 --> 00:44:35,520
know there is there are some anomalies

1199
00:44:39,510 --> 00:44:36,560
out there

1200
00:44:41,510 --> 00:44:39,520
so to figure out what they mean we just

1201
00:44:43,430 --> 00:44:41,520
need to get better data not listen to

1202
00:44:44,870 --> 00:44:43,440
those people on twitter that dismiss the

1203
00:44:46,470 --> 00:44:44,880
subject

1204
00:44:47,910 --> 00:44:46,480
avi we'll have to get you back on as

1205
00:44:49,030 --> 00:44:47,920
soon as possible to get through some of

1206
00:44:51,030 --> 00:44:49,040
those listener questions but i

1207
00:44:52,950 --> 00:44:51,040
appreciate how busy they are and again

1208
00:44:54,230 --> 00:44:52,960
thank you very much for your time thanks

1209
00:44:56,309 --> 00:44:54,240
for having me

1210
00:44:58,230 --> 00:44:56,319
that is all for this week's show thank

1211
00:45:00,309 --> 00:44:58,240
you very much for listening please

1212
00:45:02,950 --> 00:45:00,319
remember to leave the podcaster review

1213
00:45:05,270 --> 00:45:02,960
on your chosen platform you can like

1214
00:45:07,190 --> 00:45:05,280
retweet and subscribe that would all be

1215
00:45:09,349 --> 00:45:07,200
very much appreciated the shows are

1216
00:45:10,870 --> 00:45:09,359
being uploaded onto youtube as we speak

1217
00:45:13,349 --> 00:45:10,880
more and more you can sign up at

1218
00:45:16,069 --> 00:45:13,359
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1219
00:45:18,309 --> 00:45:16,079
podcast to access shows ad free as well

1220
00:45:21,109 --> 00:45:18,319
please get in touch on twitter facebook

1221
00:45:24,790 --> 00:45:21,119
instagram that ufo podcast of course on

1222
00:45:26,710 --> 00:45:24,800
twitter it's at ufo uap am and again

1223
00:45:29,450 --> 00:45:26,720
folks as always keep looking up you

1224
00:45:44,069 --> 00:45:29,460
never know what you might see

1225
00:45:44,079 --> 00:45:50,470
alice

1226
00:45:50,480 --> 00:45:56,570
i don't think he expected me

1227
00:45:56,580 --> 00:46:05,510
[Music]

1228
00:46:19,210 --> 00:46:07,030
i can't imagine how it could have been

1229
00:46:19,220 --> 00:46:27,030
[Music]

1230
00:46:30,790 --> 00:46:28,790
my head and everything was weird and

1231
00:46:32,150 --> 00:46:30,800
everything was red i helped out my boys

1232
00:46:35,630 --> 00:46:32,160
they thought this was noise they thought

1233
00:46:35,640 --> 00:46:54,230
[Music]

1234
00:46:54,240 --> 00:47:00,130
over there

1235
00:47:09,030 --> 00:47:04,710
[Music]

1236
00:47:09,040 --> 00:47:14,530
consider your serious consider your lies

1237
00:47:36,950 --> 00:47:27,240
[Music]

1238
00:47:48,050 --> 00:47:36,960
it wasn't a tic tac and not quite a

1239
00:47:48,060 --> 00:48:11,109
[Music]

1240
00:48:11,119 --> 00:48:14,850
so